Abstract: A procedure for the forward-only iterative belief propagation decoding of orthogonal convolutional codes is presented. It can be dramatically simplified to perform the iterative threshold ...

A 1.98-square-micrometer QR code, etched into ceramic thin film and verified by Guinness, showcases a new approach to ultra-dense, long-term data storage. How small can a QR code actually be?

We, the undersigned Afghan and international civil society organisations, express our deep alarm at the continued and accelerating deterioration of the human rights situation in Afghanistan. More than ...

For those of us who weren't paying attention, over the last few years, scientists around the world have been one-upping each other in a bid to create the smallest QR code that can be reliably read.

Researchers at TU Wien and Cerabyte created the world’s smallest QR code, measuring just 1.98 square micrometers. The record has been officially verified by Guinness World Records, making it 37% ...

Accurate scrutiny should begin with precision about what the law actually says, how it functions legally, and where interpretation begins to exceed text. Recent reporting on the Taliban’s January 2026 ...

At first glance, the criminal code appears to be a typical legal framework. But the state’s goal is not to protect citizens, but to control them. But for Afghans, the war did not end; it only changed.

Claude Code generates computer code when people type prompts, so those with no coding experience can create their own programs and apps. By Natallie Rocha Reporting from San Francisco Claude Code, an ...

On December 17, 2025, the President of Indonesia signed the criminal procedure bill into Law No. 20 of 2025 (the “New KUHAP”), following its parliamentary approval in November 2025. The New KUHAP ...

In this post, we will show you how to create real-time interactive flowcharts for your code using VS Code CodeVisualizer. CodeVisualizer is a free, open-source Visual Studio Code extension that ...