Abstract: In this article, a novel reduced inversion zeroing neural network (RIZNN) is first proposed to solve the discrete periodic Riccati matrix equation (DPRE). To enhance the convergence and ...

You can create a release to package software, along with release notes and links to binary files, for other people to use. Learn more about releases in our docs.

We have looked at how to solve equations with one unknown value, but what happens when there are two unknown values? An equation with two unknown values will have infinitely many solutions. or \(x=100 ...

An equation is a mathematical expression that contains an equals symbol. Equations often contain algebra. Algebra is used in Maths when we do not know the exact number in a calculation - this unknown ...

Check removed topics, updated syllabus, and deleted units to focus on key concepts for better preparation in the 2026 exams.

Abstract: This paper aims at computing the capacity-distortion-cost (CDC) function for continuous memoryless channels, which is defined as the supremum of the mutual information between channel input ...

We introduce Q3C, a framework for continuous control without an explicit actor network by leveraging structurally maximizable Q-functions for stable and efficient policy learning.

This paper introduces a novel AI-enhanced retirement planning platform that integrates behavioral economics principles with advanced machine learning techniques to optimize financial decision-making.