A special technique produces very wide loop BWs in high-frequency PLLs (and hence, indirect (PLL) synthesizers), thereby achieving very low phase noise rivaling that of direct (MMD) synthesizers. A ...

Abstract: Frequency domain approaches have become essential tools for analyzing the stability of modern power systems with the high penetration of renewable energy. A widely used method is to simplify ...

Abstract: In this brief, an energy-efficient time-to-digital converter (TDC) using a hybrid of time- and voltage-domain circuits is presented. The proposed TDC operates in two steps, i.e., first in ...