The modern world is undergoing a significant shift, accelerated by the pervasive influence of globalization. This phenomenon has, in effect, shrunk the ...

Abstract: This research is conducted to design and develop a new algorithm for finding out the classic “Shortest Path” between every pair of vertices using an atypical approach. The approach follows ...

Abstract: With the increasing use of autonomous mobile devices and the maturity of the development of numerical optimization theory, the direct method-based trajectory planning has emerged as an ...