Arguably, almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium -- such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal ...

Thermodynamic properties play a central role in understanding electrochemical systems, offering insights into the energy exchanges and phase equilibria governing material behaviour. Advances in ...

Researchers have created a geometric representation of the laws of thermodynamics. Their results were generally applicable regardless of the specifics of the interconnected reactions such as ...