The passenger, driver, and opportunist models are conceptual models of the invasion process used to describe alternative invasion scenarios. In the passenger model, both the invasive species and ...

Although the methodology for handling ordinal and dichotomous observed variables in structural equation models (SEMs) is developing rapidly, several important issues are unresolved. One of these is ...

Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (5th ed.). Guilford Press. Kline, R. B. (2020). Becoming a behavioral science researcher ...

Latent factors are variables that cannot be observed directly but can be inferred from a set of observable variables. For example, in psychology, bad conduct (latent factor) can be measured by how ...

This software specialises in three areas: models with responses at several levels of a data hierarchy, multilevel structural equation models, and measurement error ...

Statistical model infrastructures at financial institutions are often developed using a piecemeal approach to model building, in which different components of complex interrelated statistical models ...

Brand equity is one of the more popular concepts in marketing today. It is loosely defined as: 'The added value that a brand brings to a product or service beyond the functional benefits provided.