and \(\sqrt {{g^2} + {f^2} - c}\) is the radius. Notice that for the circle to exist, \({g^2} + {f^2} - c\textgreater0\). Look at the following worked examples.

Before reading this guide, it may be helpful to read the guides on indices from Module 6 and Module 7. To convert a number into standard form, split the number into two parts - a number multiplied by ...