Markov chains provide a fundamental framework for modelling stochastic processes, where the next state depends solely on the current state. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) extend this framework by ...

The application of Bayesian methods to large-scale phylogenetics problems is increasingly limited by computational issues, motivating the development of methods that can complement existing Markov ...

The amino acid sequence of the transmembrane protein and its corresponding positions on the cell membrane are transformed into a hidden Markov process. After evaluating the parameters, the Viterbi ...