A special technique produces very wide loop BWs in high-frequency PLLs (and hence, indirect (PLL) synthesizers), thereby achieving very low phase noise rivaling that of direct (MMD) synthesizers. A ...

Abstract: Frequency domain approaches have become essential tools for analyzing the stability of modern power systems with the high penetration of renewable energy. A widely used method is to simplify ...

Abstract: In this brief, an energy-efficient time-to-digital converter (TDC) using a hybrid of time- and voltage-domain circuits is presented. The proposed TDC operates in two steps, i.e., first in ...

As the world grapples with the challenges of meeting rising electricity demand, particularly in developing countries, solar energy has emerged as a beacon of hope. In sub-Saharan Africa, where energy ...