The linear canonical transform (LCT) is a versatile integral transform that generalises classical transforms such as the Fourier, fractional Fourier, and Fresnel transforms. By utilising four ...

When James Cooley and John Tukey introduced the Fast Fourier transform in 1965, it revolutionized signal processing and set us on course to an array of technological breakthroughs. But today’s ...

Different forms of linear transformations, such as the Fourier transform, are widely employed in processing of information in various applications. These transformations are generally implemented in ...

FFT-EM is an innovative method that represents a combination of FFT and EM techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The technique is often used to determine the interior and surface ...