Not only does Excel keep information organized in spreadsheets, it can also save you from manually typing data for each cell separately. Formulas compute information directly in Excel and ...

Most business owners are familiar with the term “net income.” But what about “retained earnings?” This financial metric is just as important as net income, and it’s essential to understand what it is ...

Gain a comprehensive understanding of the marginal cost formula. Learn how to calculate it and explore its role in business decisions. The world of microeconomics and business decision-making hinges ...

Purchasing power refers to the amount of goods and services a person or entity can buy with a given amount of money. It fluctuates over time due to inflation, deflation and changes in income, directly ...

Let’s be honest—Excel can feel like a double-edged sword. On one hand, it’s an incredibly powerful tool for organizing data, crunching numbers, and making sense of the chaos. On the other, mastering ...

What is a good return for your portfolio? If a bond portfolio generated a 4% return over the past year, it could be considered a pretty decent return. However, investors who prioritized high-growth ...

The earnings per share formula is useful for valuing stocks. It’s a key part of the widely-used price-to-earnings ratio. And by gaining a better understanding of these concepts, you can make better ...

Every investor wants to earn more money from their portfolio, but putting money into stocks and even funds can be risky. The Sortino ratio indicates how much risk an investor is taking on with their ...

When it comes to income investing, it’s good to know the dividend payout ratio formula. It can give you insight into dividend safety. When it comes to dividend stocks, this ratio is always on my ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Vikki Velasquez is a researcher and writer who has managed, coordinated, and directed ...

James Chen, CMT is an expert trader, investment adviser, and global market strategist. Thomas J. Brock is a CFA and CPA with more than 20 years of experience in various areas including investing, ...