Heun functions, which generalise the well‐known hypergeometric functions, are solutions to the Heun differential equation – a second‐order linear differential equation with four regular singular ...

Harmonic functions, defined as twice continuously differentiable functions satisfying Laplace’s equation, have long been a subject of intense study in both pure and applied mathematics. Their ...

Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Concept, notation, order, equality, types of ...