This paper proposes a new econometric model for the estimation of optimal hedge ratios (HRs): the Kalman filter error-correction model (KF–ECM). This paper proposes a new econometric model for the ...

While traditionally considered for non-stationary and cointegrated data, DeBoef and Keele suggest applying a General Error Correction Model (GECM) to stationary data ...

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Surface code: illustration of how error correction works for bit and phase flips. The measure qubits on light blue backgrounds check for phase flip errors while the ...

We investigate the degree to which the wheat markets of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom are in spatial equilibrium and how reforms to the CAP affect the speed of convergence to the long-run ...