In a white paper published by a multidisciplinary team of top scientists in China, Earth system is defined to encompass both internal and external geospheres from solid Earth system through surface ...

Rockström is a research professor in earth system science at University Potsdam, the director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, and co-founder of the Planetary Guardians. The ...

Tipping elements of the Earth system should be considered global commons, researchers argue. Global commons cannot -- as they currently do -- only include the parts of the planet outside of national ...