This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Genetic potential for evolutionary change and covariational constraints are typically summarized as the genetic variance-covariance matrix G, ...

Intuition suggests that altering the covariance structure of a parametric model for repeated-measures data alters the variances of the model's estimated mean parameters. The purpose of this article is ...

The size of an organism at any point during ontogeny often has fitness consequences through either direct selection on size or through selection on size-related morphological, performance, or life ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

You can use covariance and contravariance to provide polymorphic extension to delegates, arrays, and generics in C#. Here’s how. The C# programming language provides support for variance in two ways: ...