THIS “Introduction to Vector-methods and their Various Applications to Physics and Mathematics” is an exposition of the late Willard Gibbs' vector analysis. The author in his preface warns us that “no ...

In 1843, William Rowan Hamilton had a four-dimensional flash of insight that still shapes our three-dimensional world. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission.

(In contrast a scalar quantity has magnitude only - eg, the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4...) The diagram above represents a vector. The arrow displays its direction, hence this ...