Estimation errors or uncertainities in expected return and risk measures create difficulties for portfolio optimization. The literature deals with the uncertainty using stochastic, fuzzy or ...

A mathematician at Carnegie Mellon University has developed an easier way to solve quadratic equations. The mathematician hopes this method will help students avoid memorizing obtuse formulas. His ...

An equation is a mathematical statement showing that two expressions are equal. The two expressions are linked with an equals symbol (=). The unknown variable (often the letter \(x\)) can take any ...