Positive- and negative-reinforcement consequences of smoking were assessed using a self-report inventory. Data from 429 current smokers (348 women, 81 men) were subjected to an exploratory factor ...

BUFFALO, N.Y. – A little recognition for a job well done means a lot to children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) – more so than it would for typically developing kids. That praise ...

There are four main types of reinforcement in operant conditioning: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, ...

Professional staff at a public residential facility received positive reinforcement for submission of timely evaluation reports. Reinforcement was preceded and followed by baseline conditions during ...

Dairy cows receive a huge amount of care during their lives on a farm, but procedures, especially restraining during procedures, can be stressful for some animals. Positive reinforcement training -- ...