Metrology is the science of measuring, characterizing, and analyzing materials. Within metrology, there are several technologies used to detect material defects on a very small scale – precision on ...

Detecting sub-5nm defects creates huge challenges for chipmakers, challenges that have a direct impact on yield, reliability, and profitability. In addition to being smaller and harder to detect, ...

Sound can be represented with both analog or digital audio signals. Analog audio signals use electrical voltage levels. Different types of transducers convert sound to electrical signals and ...